栉孔扇贝foxl2基因在卵子发生中的必要性     

刘晓玲  刘军  王振东  王振华  李彦伸  崔龙波 《海洋科学》2018,42(4):127-131

采用RNAi技术研究了栉孔扇贝(Chlamysfarreri)foxl2基因在卵子发生和卵巢功能维持中的作用。使用体外合成的栉孔扇贝foxl2双链RNA(dsRNA),以每只50μg/次的剂量注射进闭壳肌中,连续注射2次(第一次注射后7天,再进行第二次注射);以注射相同体积PBS(相同注射方法)的扇贝作为阴性对照组,以不注射扇贝作为空白对照组。qRT-PCR检测干扰组扇贝卵巢中的foxl2 mRNA表达量较空白对照组下降了62%, Western blotting检测该蛋白在卵巢中的含量也明显下降,显示靶基因的表达水平被有效地敲降。组织学观察发现,栉孔扇贝foxl2干扰后的卵巢中卵母细胞形态异常、细胞核固缩,卵子发生明显受阻。表明该基因在栉孔扇贝卵子发生中起重要作用。  相似文献   

栉孔扇贝精巢组织细胞的体外培养及特征分析     

房莎  刘丹雯  李茜茜  秦贞奎  张志峰 《海洋通报》2018,(4):424-429

本研究建立了一个栉孔扇贝精巢组织细胞的原代培养体系,鉴定了原代细胞的功能基因表达特征。结果显示,原代培养体系中的精巢细胞以圆形细胞为主,直径为4~11μm,其在体外已存活9个月以上。使用栉孔扇贝vasa基因(生殖细胞标记基因)的地高辛RNA探针和原位杂交技术检测,约98%的原代细胞呈阳性。利用免疫组化技术鉴定了栉孔扇贝SCP3、KLF4、PIWI、C-MYC、SOX9和SOX17在这些细胞中的表达特征,发现这些靶蛋白在精巢原代细胞中的表达特征与栉孔扇贝精巢中的细胞定位基本一致。上述结果表明,本实验所获得的原代细胞以生殖细胞为主,它们保留了栉孔扇贝雄性生殖细胞原有的基因表达特征,可以用于贝类精子发生和性别相关的功能基因研究。  相似文献   

栉孔扇贝对无机砷的富集与排出特征研究          下载免费PDF全文

孙福新  李晓  王颖  吴志宏  刘天红  孙元芹  卢珺 《海洋科学》2011,35(4):83-88

以栉孔扇贝(Chlamys,farreri)为试验生物,应用生物富集双箱动力学模型,研究了暴露在不同质量浓度的As<'3+>溶液中,栉孔扇贝对无机砷的耐受性;通过对富集与排出过程中栉孔扇贝体内无机砷含量的动态监测及对检测结果的非线性拟合,得出栉孔扇贝富集无机砷的吸收速率常数(k<,1>)、排出速率常数(k<,2>)、生...  相似文献   

栉孔扇贝血细胞数量变化与生长的关系     

林听听  邢婧  蒋经伟  战文斌 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,(Z2):54-59

于2009年3月至2010年1月期间,每月中旬分别从青岛和威海两地区采集人工养殖和野生的栉孔扇贝(Chla-mys farreri)。采集的扇贝经壳长测量后,于闭壳肌血窦中取血,离心,重悬,超声波破碎后制得血细胞破碎液。从抗栉孔扇贝血细胞的单克隆抗体库中筛选出1株与颗粒血细胞和透明血细胞均能结合,并能与血细胞多个蛋白结合的单克隆抗体作为酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)中的第一抗体;第二抗体为碱性磷酸酶标记的羊抗鼠抗体。将血细胞破碎液包被于酶标板孔中,经一抗、二抗孵育后,显色读数,分析血细胞数量与生长的关系。结果表明:两地区人工养殖和野生扇贝的壳长均由3月的2 cm左右增长到了次年1月的7 cm以上,其中4～7月增长较快,而8～1月相对缓慢。两地区人工养殖和野生扇贝的血细胞数量于3～6月间均维持在较高的水平,6月达到最高峰,随后急剧下降,并于8或9月达到最低值,此后10～1月有所回升,但仍显著低于3～6月的水平。结论认为:栉孔扇贝血细胞数量与生长的关系在两地区、两扇贝品种间差别不大;但3～6月栉孔扇贝生长较快,血细胞数量相对高;而8～10月栉孔扇贝生长缓慢,其血细胞数量较低。  相似文献   

Chitosan oligosaccharide-Ca complex accelerates the depuration of cadmium from Chlamys ferrari   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guoqing Huang  Jipeng Sun  Dongfeng Wang  Ying Xu  Wei Xu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,11(2):219-226

This study investigated the effect of a chitosan oligosaccharide-Ca complex (COS-Ca) on the depuration of cadmium (Cd) from Chlamys ferrari. After exposure to 0.5 mg L-1 CdCl2 for 3 or 7 d, the scallops were treated by COS-Ca prior to determina-tion of Cd, calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) contents, Cd distribution in organs, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and antioxidant variables. Results showed that COS-Ca reduced Cd content in the viscera of the scallops, with highest Cd depuration rate (47%) observed on day 3. The COS-Ca concentration substantially affected Cd depuration, and the exposure to 8.75 mg L-1 COS-Ca led to significantly higher Cd depuration rate compared with those of lower COS-Ca concentrations (1.75, 3.5, 5.25, and 7.00 mg L-1). Distribution analysis of Cd in scallop organs indicated that COS-Ca significantly reduced Cd content in the kidney throughout the 5-d experiment, as well as in the gill during the early stage of Cd depuration. In addition, COS-Ca treatment decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and MDA content while increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities on different days. Our work suggested COS-Ca complex treatment as an effective method for acceleration of Cd depuration from Cd-contaminated bivalves.  相似文献   

电刺激诱导栉孔扇贝雌核发育的相关参数的筛选     

商文聪  赵泊淞  陈亮  孙妍  张玲玲  胡晓丽  包振民 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,(10):65-70

电刺激可诱导卵子雌核发育,但在海洋生物中尚无报道。为获得电刺激诱导栉孔扇贝雌核发育的最佳条件,采用正交设计的方法,分别研究了电场强度、电容、脉冲次数、卵子密度及缓冲液种类对诱导效果的影响。结果表明:(1)不同缓冲液的诱导效果差异不显著(P>0.05),但甘露醇缓冲液的诱导效果优于Zimmerman氏缓冲液和山梨醇缓冲液;最佳卵子密度为11.25×104个/mL,场强的最适范围为1.00～1.75kV/cm。最优电刺激诱导条件组合是:0.30mol/L甘露醇缓冲液,卵子密度11.25×104个/mL,脉冲强度1.20kV/cm,电容3μF,2次电脉冲。(2)应用优化后的电刺激参数诱导雌核发育,获得了最佳的诱导效果,得到的卵裂率为28.16%,胚胎存活率为98.37%。本研究首次成功应用电刺激法诱导了栉孔扇贝的雌核发育,并得到了单倍体胚胎,初步建立了栉孔扇贝中该诱导法的参数体系。  相似文献   

Enzymatic and cellular responses in relation to body burden of PAHs in bivalve molluscs: A case study with chronic levels of North Sea and Barents Sea dispersed oil     

T. Baussant  R.K. Bechmann  I.C. Taban  B.K. Larsen  A.H. Tandberg  A. Bjørnstad  S. Torgrimsen  A. Nævdal  K.B. Øysæd  G. Jonsson  S. Sanni 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(12):1796-1807

Mytilus edulis and Chlamys islandica were exposed to nominal dispersed crude oil concentrations in the range 0.015–0.25 mg/l for one month. Five biomarkers (enzymatic and cellular responses) were analysed together with bioaccumulation of PAHs at the end of exposure. In both species, PAH tissue residues reflected the exposure concentration measured in the water and lipophylicity determined the bioaccumulation levels. Oil caused biomarker responses in both species but more significant alterations in exposed C. islandica were observed. The relationships between exposure levels and enzymatic responses were apparently complex. The integrated biomarker response related against the exposure levels was U-shaped in both species and no correlation with total PAH body burden was found. For the monitoring of chronic offshore discharges, dose- and time-related events should be evaluated in the selection of biomarkers to apply. From this study, cellular damages appear more fitted than enzymatic responses, transient and more complex to interpret.  相似文献   

栉孔扇贝壳粉对刚果红的吸附性能研究     

王昕  葛香云  刘元杰  李鹏程  李克成 《海洋科学》2024,48(1):36-43

栉孔扇贝是中国养殖量最大的扇贝,其废弃的贝壳资源利用也成为了关注的热点。贝壳粉是一种天然的生物吸附剂,本文通过高温煅烧处理,进一步优化了栉孔扇贝壳的吸附性能,采用扫描电镜分析、红外光谱分析表征手段对其形貌、组成进行分析;同时探讨了不同贝壳粉煅烧温度、反应时间、反应温度、刚果红初始浓度对其吸附性能的影响以及吸附动力学模型和等温吸附模型。结果表明, 900℃下煅烧的贝壳粉吸附性能最好;吸附反应在5 min内迅速发生,在150 min后基本达到平衡;该反应符合准二级吸附动力学过程(R2=0.999 1),吸附等温线符合Freundlich模型,属于多相吸附,低温更有利于刚果红在煅烧栉孔扇贝壳粉上的吸附。以上结果对于解决印染废水的净化处理具有重要意义,也为栉孔扇贝壳废弃资源综合利用奠定理论基础。  相似文献   

免疫多糖对栉孔扇贝酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响   总被引：23，自引：1，他引：23  

牟海津  江晓路  刘树青  管华诗 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(3)

在栉孔扇贝的血清、血细胞和肝脏提取液中均发现有酸性磷酸酶（ＡＣＰ）、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）和超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性,其中,ＡＣＰ和ＡＬＰ在肝脏中的活性最高。采用１．０％的虫草多糖或海藻多糖作为免疫药物,对栉孔扇贝进行注射刺激后,发现血清中的ＡＣＰ、ＡＬＰ和ＳＯＤ活性有显著提高,血细胞中的ＡＣＰ和ＳＯＤ活性也有所增加,而肝脏提取液的这三种酶活性的变化不很明显。研究认为这两种多糖具有增强栉孔扇贝免疫活性的作用,在水产养殖业中有一定的开发价值。  相似文献   

Development of 101 novel EST-derived single nucleotide polymorphism markers for Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LI Jiqin  BAO Zhenmin  LI Ling  WANG Xiaojian  WANG Shi  HU Xiaoli 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,12(3):403-412

Zhikong scallop(Chlamys farreri) is an important maricultured species in China.Many researches on this species,such as population genetics and QTL fine-mapping,need a large number of molecular markers.In this study,based on the expressed sequence tags(EST),a total of 300 putative single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were selected and validated using high resolution melting(HRM) technology with unlabeled probe.Of them,101(33.7%) were found to be polymorphic in 48 individuals from 4 populations.Further evaluation with 48 individuals from Qingdao population showed that all the polymorphic loci had two alleles with the minor allele frequency ranged from 0.046 to 0.500.The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 0.925 and from 0.089 to 0.505,respectively.Fifteen loci deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and significant linkage disequilibrate was detected in one pair of markers.BLASTx gave significant hits for 72 of the 101 polymorphic SNP-containing ESTs.Thirty four polymorphic SNP loci were predicted to be non-synonymous substitutions as they caused either the change of codons(33 SNPs) or pretermination of translation(1 SNP).The markers developed can be used for the population studies and genetic improvement on Zhikong scallop.  相似文献